Baby products: Must-haves 1st year

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Products you need for your baby

What baby products are essential for the first year? Here's a list of the main things you'll need to clothe, move, and feed your baby, as well as give him a safe place to sleep and explore.
If you want to go beyond the basics, check out this list of product "extras" that can make the first year easier. We have specific information about the supplies you need in the first six weeks and what to put on your baby registry, too.

Baby clothing

Baby clothing is usually sized as preemie, newborn, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Some babies never need newborn sizes (they go straight to 3 months), but that's hard to predict in advance, so you may want to have some on hand. Also, babies grow quickly, so make sure you have the next size up!
For everyday wear, think comfort and ease. Look for soft, roomy, durable clothing that allows your child freedom to move and explore and that can hold up through frequent washings. (Spit-up and grime take their toll.)
Should you buy organic baby clothing? It's made without harsh dyes or potentially harmful chemicals, but it's usually priced at a premium – and few would say it's absolutely necessary. Whatever you choose, use a gentle, baby-friendly detergent to avoid skin irritation.
Here are the basics your baby will need. (Suggested amounts are for a three-month period; replenish as your baby grows.)
One-piece outfits (5 to 7): Some of these are basically spiffed-up jammies appropriate for sleeping and playing – and because babies nap so frequently, especially at first, these are super convenient. Look for one-piece outfits that zip or snap down the front and all the way down the leg; these allow you to change your baby's clothes easily without pulling things over her head. Make sure whatever you buy opens easily at the bottom for diaper changes.
Shirts (5 to 7): Look for T-shirts and turtlenecks with plenty of room in the neck, or snaps at the neck, so they slip easily over your child's head. Many parents prefer styles that go over the tummy and diaper and snap at the crotch.
Leggings or pull-on pants (5 to 7): Separates allow you to change one piece of dirty clothing without assembling a whole new outfit, so they're useful to have on hand. Look for stretchy waistbands that fit easily over your baby's diaper and belly – and expand as he gains weight.
Outer layers (5): Sweaters, fleece jackets, and sweatshirts that zip up are easy to put on and take off. Many small children don't like pushing their head through a small neck opening.
Buy larger sizes and look for items with loose armholes that won't require tugging and fussing. Hoods are helpful for this age – just slip one over your baby's head when the temperature is chilly.
Avoid clothing that has dangling strings, tassels, and ribbons – these are choking hazards.
Hats and mittens: A broad-brimmed sun hat for the summer and a warm hat that covers the ears in the winter should do the trick. Mittens for babies are shaped like bags with elastic at the wrist, making them easy to get on and off little hands.
Socks or booties: You'll need lots of socks for indoors and some booties for outdoor wear.
Shoes: You may not need to buy real, hard-soled shoes during your baby's first year. Some doctors recommend waiting until your child is a strong walker because shoes can interfere with development. Until your baby's ambling well, cover her feet with socks or booties that have nonskid bottoms.
When it comes time to buy sturdier footwear, go to a store that specializes in children's shoes. A salesperson can advise you on the most comfortable brands and what size to buy to allow for growth, and will measure your child's feet to ensure a comfortable and proper fit.
Pajamas/sleepers (5 to 7): There are three things to think about when dressing your baby for bed: your baby's comfort, his safety, and your ability to get to the inevitable middle-of-the-night dirty diaper. No matter how cute it looks, avoid sleepwear that has complicated snaps or requires lots of effort to get on or off!
Soft, breathable natural fabrics like cotton are comfy, and if they fit snugly they're a good alternative to synthetic, flame-resistant clothing (usually made of polyester). Avoid ribbons, strings, ties, and other decorative items that could get wrapped around your baby and pose a choking hazard.


 You'll want to dress your baby in sleepwear that's safe and comfortable and that helps her maintain a good body temperature.

Contrary to what you might hear, baby sleepwear doesn't have to be flame resistant. Soft, breathable natural fabrics like cotton are fine, but they must be used in a garment that fits snugly to be safe. By U.S. law, as of June 2000, children's sleepwear must be labeled as either snug-fitting (so it won't easily catch fire) or flame resistant.

Avoid ribbons, strings, ties, and other decorative items that could get wrapped around your baby and pose a choking hazard.

As for how much to bundle up your baby, don't overdo it. Overheating is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Start by keeping the room at a temperature that's comfortable, not hot — 70 to 72 degrees is a good range. Then dress your baby for bed in whatever you're comfortable in plus one layer. So if you feel fine in one layer, put two layers on your baby.

Booties are a good way to keep her toes warm when it's chilly, and, since much of her body heat escapes from her head, a skull cap is also a good idea. Don't cover her up with big, fluffy blankets or comforters, though, because these could wind up over her head and lead to suffocation or SIDS. Opt for a sleep sack instead.

During warm weather your baby can sleep without extra layers. Just keep her away from direct air conditioning vents and drafty windows.

Deborah Lin-Dyken pediatric sleep disorders expert

Diapering

Diapers: Whether you use cloth or disposable or something in between (some diapers use a reusable cover with a disposable lining), your baby probably will go through ten to 12 diapers a day at first, so plan accordingly.
Wipes: Whether you plan to buy wipes, make your own, or use a washcloth and warm water, you'll want to be prepared.
Changing pad or table: You don't have to buy an official changing table, but you'll probably want to have some designated place for diaper changes. Some parents use a changing pad or just a towel on the floor or bed. (Keep your hand on your baby at all times when changing on an elevated surface!)

Baby gear

Baby carrier: Wearing your baby means your little one gets to snuggle close to you, and you'll have two free hands to tote everything else.
When choosing a carrier, check to make sure all straps and harnesses will support your baby securely and that the carrier can be laundered or cleaned without much work. Note: Although many parents swear by slings, this type of baby carrier has been linked to injuries and suffocation in babies. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission has safety tips for parents using slings.
Stroller: You'll need an efficient way to roll your baby around town. Think carefully about your specific needs: Do you want storage space to make shopping with your baby easier? Do you want a seat that reclines for easy napping? Will you be climbing up and down a lot of stairs? See our stroller talkfor more help.
Car seat: A safe car seat is mandatory. Tempting as it may be, resist buying a used car seat. Safety regulations have changed over the years, and you need to make sure your baby's car seat meets all current guidelines. (They actually have expiration dates, usually within five years of manufacture. Check the seat for a sticker.)
Also, you may not know if a secondhand seat has been in a fender bender, which means it can no longer be used.

Breastfeeding and bottle-feeding

Nursing/feeding pillow: Specially designed to support your baby while you're nursing or bottle-feeding, these can help you avoid straining your shoulders or neck during feeding sessions. They're more convenient – and better at keeping your baby in position – than regular pillows.
Breastfeeding accessories: Lanolin ointment (available in many drugstores) can help relieve sore nipples. And hot/cold gel packs, which fit inside your bra, can soothe swollen or sore breasts. It's normal for your breasts to leak while you're nursing, and disposable breast pads – or reusable, washable ones – will keep you and your shirts nice and dry.
Burp cloths (6 to 12): To catch spit-up and wipe up other baby fluids.
Bottles (6 to 12): Newborns usually start with the 4-ounce size, but you'll need some 8-ounce bottles as your child begins to drink larger amounts. You'll also need at least as many nipples as bottles.
When it comes to what kind of baby bottle to use, some parents insist on ones that don't contain phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA). Debate continues over the harm either chemical may cause humans. If you'd rather err on the side of caution, look for bottles marked BPA- and phthalate-free – or go for glass bottles.



Formula: If you can't or don't plan to breastfeed, there are numerous infant formula options to choose from – check out our formula primer and talk to your healthcare provider.
Bottle brushes (2): These are handy for thoroughly scrubbing small parts and crevices in bottles, bottle parts, and nipples.
Breast pump: You may want to pump breast milk to feed your baby. Breast pumps can be as simple as a basic hand pump or as efficient as an electric model that allows you to pump from both breasts simultaneously. One of the most popular brands zips everything up in a backpack and comes with a small cooler to store milk. Our breast pump guide can help you decide which type to go with and whether to rent or buy.
Breast milk bags: You can pump milk straight into a bottle, but many women use specially made plastic storage bags, which don't take up much space in the freezer and can be defrosted easily. The number of bags you'll need depends on how often you intend to pump. Start with one box and work from there.

Feeding

When your baby is ready for solid food, somewhere between 4 and 6 months of age, you'll need a few key supplies.
Highchair: You don't have to buy a freestanding highchair. A seat that hooks onto a counter or table, or a portable highchair that attaches to a regular chair, can work fine as well. But a full-size highchair with a tray can make cleanup easier, and rolling wheels allow you to move the chair from room to room (say, the dining room to the kitchen) without a fuss. Look a model that's easy to clean – you can count on food getting mushed into every crack.
Bowls: Some parents like baby bowls with suction cups on the bottom – these stick to the tray and resist being flung to the floor.
Baby spoons: A rubber-tipped or plastic spoon is easier on your baby's gums and small enough to fit easily into a little mouth.
Sippy cups (3 to 5): These cups come with a lid and a spout for easy drinking. And (the real plus) they don't spill when knocked over. Cups with handles will probably be easiest for your child to manage at first. Avoid cups with attached straws – they're hard to clean and spill easily. If you're concerned about BPA, phthalates, and other chemicals in plastics, alternatives abound, including reusable metal water bottles small enough for a baby's hands.
Bibs (3 to 5): Plenty of styles are available. Waterproof or quick-drying kinds are useful, as are bibs with a pocket at the bottom to catch falling food.

Baby soothers, toys, and entertainment

Pacifiers: Some babies love them, some don't. Pacifiers aren't a necessity by any means, but for some parents and babies, these soothers are an essential item.
Bouncy seat: Also called a bouncer, these baby seats bounce up and down when your little one kicks or moves. It's a handy, safe place to put your baby down (thanks to the attached straps), and many babies love the motion.
Play mat/gym: These are soft mats with baby toys that dangle from overhead. Young babies (who aren't mobile yet) can have a ball staring and batting at the toys. Fancy versions feature lights and sounds, too.
Toys: Your baby doesn't need a lot of fancy playthings, but it's nice to have a few rattles, musical toys, and soft toys at the ready
Books: Chunky board books are a great way to introduce reading to your baby. Here are some of our favorite books for babies.

Sleeping

Crib and mattress: Many new parents don't need a crib right away, choosing to use a bassinet or play yard with bassinet feature or bring their newborn into their bed instead. But you'll likely want to move your baby into a crib sometime in the first year, so it’s helpful to have it set up.
When buying, look for a sturdy crib with slats that aren't too far apart – no more than 2 3/8 inches (about the size of a soda can). Avoid drop-side cribs, which have caused dozens of baby deaths and were banned in the U.S. in 2010.

Bedding: Though you'll see plenty of fancy bedding sets in baby stores, all you really need are about three to five fitted crib sheets and perhaps a waterproof crib mattress pad. In fact, the bumpers, pillows, quilts, and soft blankets that often come with baby bedding sets shouldn't go in your baby's crib because they increase the risk of SIDS.
Wearable blankets (2 to 3): These fleece or cotton sacks zip over your baby's sleepwear and keep him warm at night. They replace traditional blankets, which aren't safe for sleeping babies because of the risk of SIDS. You may or may not need these, depending on the climate where you live and what season your baby's born in.
Swaddling blankets (3): Many newborns love to be swaddled, and having a few blankets made just for this purpose can make your life much easier. Note: Some wearable blankets are also made for swaddling, with flaps that fold over your baby's arms and secure with Velcro.

Safety

You'll need to watch out for the biggest household dangers for newborns and childproof your home as soon as your child is mobile – rolling, crawling, or creeping around.
A few pieces of safety equipment can help protect your baby from many common hazards.
Safety gates: If you have stairs, invest in safety gates for the top and bottom. You can also use a gate to block off areas of the house that might be perilous, such as the bathroom or your office.
Outlet covers: Exposed outlets are an almost irresistible attraction to curious explorers. Bottom line: Keep them covered.
Cupboard and drawer latches: Choose from several types, including ones that latch or twist open and closed. Tug at them to make sure they can withstand numerous tries by a determined toddler.
Toilet seat locks: Babies can drown in as little as 2 inches of water, so keep your baby and his toys out of the toilet with a lock. These fasten on top of a closed seat and require you to press a button or undo a latch to open them.
Baby monitors: These gadgets – which come with a transmitter and at least one receiver – allow you to keep tabs on your baby while you're in another room. The transmitter needs to be close enough to your baby's crib to pick up sounds (within 10 feet) but far enough away to ensure that the cord's out of reach if there is one. You can opt for a traditional audio model or a fancier (and more-expensive) video monitor that lets you see your baby.

Health

First-aid kit: See what to keep in your first-aid kit.
Bulb syringe: Use with saline drops to clear your baby's stuffy nose.
Teething toys: Chewing on these can ease your baby's discomfort during teething.
Digital thermometer: This is an important item to have in your medicine chest.
Baby nail scissors or clippers: These help you trim your baby's nails safely.
Baby-friendly laundry detergent: Some brands are specially formulated to be gentle on baby skin, although brands for sensitive skin are fine, too.
A soft-bristled baby brush: This is especially helpful for handling cradle cap.

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Pregnancy shopping checklist

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First trimester

Congratulations – you're having a baby! Our handy first-trimester shopping checklist will help you figure out what to buy during these early weeks. And don't forget to move on to our second-trimester and third-trimester shopping checklists when it's time.

Pregnancy books

Now's the time to start your pregnancy and parenting library! Start with basics and classics, like  
The Girlfriends' Guide to Pregnancy, by Vicki Iovine

Pregnancy: From Preconception to Birth, and  
The Pregnancy Book: Month-by-Month, 
Everything You Need to Know From America's Baby Experts, by William and Martha Sears.

New pants or a waistband extender

Your belly may not be visibly rounder yet, but your pants may not be fitting as well, even just a few weeks in. A new pair of pants with a bit of Lycra stretch might round out your wardrobe perfectly.
If you don't want to start buying new clothes just yet, try a waistband extender such as the Belly Belt or Bella Band. Keeping comfy is your new mission, and it's more important than you may think: Some women report that a looser waistband helps with morning sickness.

Body pillow

Some pregnant women say their number one favorite purchase is their body pillow. Even this early, you may get uncomfortable easily, and a body pillow may help you get a better night's sleep.

Tooth care

Your mouth may be drier, your gums more sensitive – and you're more susceptible to gingivitis now. Preventing periodontal disease is vital for pregnant women, so buy yourself a nice new, soft-bristled toothbrush and some dental floss and use them every day to keep your mouth fresh and healthy. See more products to keep in your medicine cabinet during pregnancy.

A comfy cotton bra

Your breasts are probably feeling more tender now. And while you may not be ready for a maternity bra, a sports bra or comfortable cotton bra without underwire will give you gentle support and ease discomfort.

A good body lotion

Your skin may start feeling drier, especially on your belly as it grows and your skin stretches. Find a good all-over moisturizer that you can slather on now and throughout your pregnancy. To discover other products you might need, see our handy pregnancy medicine cabinet checklist.

Pregnancy journal

You've just begun an incredible journey. How are you feeling? What are you thinking? Jot down your emotions, thoughts, or questions in a pregnancy journal. It can help you feel connected to the little person growing inside you and will be a one-of-a-kind keepsake after your baby is born.

Second trimester

Your belly is growing, and your life is shifting to accommodate lots of changes. Maternity clothing is entering the picture, but it's also a great time to start shopping for your baby – before you're too tired and big-bellied to want to spend much time in stores.
Our handy second-trimester shopping checklist will help you figure out what to buy now. And don't forget to move on to our third-trimester shopping checklist when it's time.

Maternity wear

Your belly is expanding, but your pants aren't. Now's the time to explore the world of maternity clothes, but that doesn't mean sacrificing style. A nice pair of bootcut jeans, a tunic top, or a pretty wrap dress flatters almost every blossoming body type.

Sleep aids

By now you may need some extra help getting a good night's sleep. Fans, noise machines, earplugs, and body pillows are all useful aids for helping pregnant women get their zzz's.

Glider or rocker

Late-night feedings will be easier on you and more soothing for your baby if you can spend them in a rocking chair or glider. The back-and-forth motion calms a crying baby and eases lower back pain. While you're at it, add a matching footstool or ottoman for propping up tired, swollen feet during pregnancy.

Newborn clothes

You'll probably find it impossible to resist buying those adorable little booties, wee knit caps, and pint-size stretch suits you see in the baby department. Your little one will look adorable in all of them – either go ahead and splurge or add them to your registry. Visit Baby clothes: The first six weeks for help picking out a well-rounded selection for your baby.

 A little preparation goes a long way when shopping or registering for baby clothes. You'll be changing your baby's clothing several times a day – babies can be messy! – so make sure outfits are uncomplicated and open easily for diaper changes. In general, you want soft, comfortable clothing with no irritating tags or seams.

A note on sizing: It's hard to predict which size clothing your baby will need at first. Many babies outgrow newborn or 0- to 3-month clothes quickly, and some larger babies skip the newborn sizes completely and start with 3-month or 3- to 6-month sizes. Others will start out in preemie sizes and wear newborn clothes for months. The best tip is to buy clothing in several sizes and return what you don't use.

How many of each item you'll need will depend on how often you plan to do laundry, but we've provided rough guidelines below (in parentheses).

Clothing to buy for your newborn

One-piece outfits (5 to 7): Some of these are basically spiffed-up jammies appropriate for sleeping and playing – and because babies nap so frequently, especially at first, these are very convenient.
Shirts (4 to 7): Look for T-shirts and turtlenecks with plenty of room in the neck, or snaps at the neck, so they slip easily over your child's head. Many parents prefer one-piece styles that snap at the crotch.
Leggings or pull-on pants (5 to 7): Separates allow you to change one piece of dirty clothing without assembling a whole new outfit, so they're useful to have. Look for stretchy waistbands that fit easily over your baby's diaper and belly – and expand as he gains weight.
Sweater or jacket (1): Most babies don't like having clothes pulled over their head, so warm up your baby with a sweater or jacket that buttons down the front.
Pajamas or sleepers (4 to 7): No matter how cute it looks, avoid sleepwear that has complicated snaps or requires lots of effort to get on or off!
Wearable blankets (2 to 3): These fleece or cotton sacks zip over your baby's sleepwear to keep him warm at night. They replace traditional blankets, which aren't safe for sleeping babies because of the risk of SIDS. You may or may not need these, depending on the climate you live in and the season when your baby's born.
Fleecewear or snowsuits: If you have a winter baby, you may want a one-piece fleece suit to keep him warm on outings. They're often hooded and come in many styles. Another option is to avoid bulky snowsuits and slip your baby into a snug, fleece-lined stroller sack (designed to accommodate the harnesses in strollers and car seats).
Socks and booties: You'll need lots of socks for indoors and some booties to keep your baby's feet warm when you're out and about.
Hats (1 to 3): You'll want a broad-brimmed hat for a summer baby, or a soft, warm hat that covers the ears for a winter baby.

Tips for dressing your newborn

Avoid clothes that wrap around your baby's neck too tightly and those that have cords or ties. Check buttons, ribbons, and decorative items to make sure they're on securely – if they come off, they're a choking hazard.
When dressing your infant, make the clothes fit your baby and not the other way around. Open snaps and stretch necks wide so you can ease your baby's head through them. Reach through sleeves and legs first to help guide wiggly hands and feet.
It's often easiest to dress your infant on the changing table or floor. Try cooing and talking to your baby as you put on each piece so he will associate getting dressed with special time with you.

Changing table

You'll need a place to change your baby's diapers. A bureau or low dresser with a cushioned changing pad will work just fine. But a stand-alone changing table can be nice, too.

The lowdown on changing tables

You'll change 2,400 diapers by your baby's first birthday – so you'll definitely want to create a comfortable place for diaper changes.
Changing tables
If you have the cash and the space, you have your choice of well-designed, practical, and attractive changing tables. It can be worth the investment: Many parents use changing tables well into their child's second year, and if you buy a combination dresser and changing table, you can use it in your child's room for years.

See a slide show of some of our favorite changing tables.
Other options
Do you have to buy a table designed just for the purpose of changing diapers? Not necessarily.
Some parents simply change their baby on the floor or bed, on a waterproof changing pad or towel, with diapering supplies stowed in a nearby basket. If your back can take it, this approach works.
Others buy a changing pad and place it on top of a dresser, storing diapers and wipes in the top drawer. If you're going this route, make sure that you buy a thick changing pad and that your dresser is at a comfortable height for you. A contoured pad will help keep your baby from rolling too far in either direction. For safety's sake, make sure the pad has a safety strap to hold your baby and a strap or other secure system to anchor it to the dresser.
Another money- and space-saving alternative is a play yard that includes a removable changing table insert. You can only use this feature until your baby reaches the manufacturer's recommended weight limit, usually 25 or 30 pounds.

Important safety notes

Although a strap is a great aid, it's not a substitute for your hands-on supervision. Never leave your baby unattended on a changing table or any elevated surface, even for a moment. Babies can roll or flip off high places in an instant. Always keep at least one hand on or right near your baby to prevent serious injuries.

What to look for when buying

When it comes to changing tables, you have two options: a basic changing table with a shelf or shelves or a combination dresser and changing table.
With either style, look for the following features:

A guardrail: The higher the protective guardrail around the table, the better. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a railing that's at least 2 inches high on all sides.





Safety straps: Plenty of models provide them, or you can add your own.






Sturdiness: This is essential. Look for sturdy, stable legs. Shake the table with your hands, and if it feels rickety, choose another model.





Storage: You'll appreciate a handy place to store diapers, wipes, and creams, whether in drawers or on shelves. You shouldn't have to bend or take your eyes off your baby to access these items.




Versatility: A well-designed basic changing table can be used as shelving to store toys and blankets once your child's done with diapers. And a combination dresser and changing table can be used for years, as long as it's well made. Just remove the changing pad and use it as a regular dresser.

What it's going to cost you

Basic changing tables cost between $80 and $200. Combination dresser and changing tables can cost anywhere from $200 to $500 or more depending on the design and materials.

Crib and mattress

You can get by without a crib at first – your newborn can sleep in a bassinet or Moses basket. But unless you plan to have your baby share your bed, you'll eventually need a crib and crib mattress.

Baby bedding

You'll want a few changes of sheets for your baby's crib and bassinet, if you're using these. A few warm blankets, thinner "receiving" blankets, and special swaddling blankets can also come in handy. Keep loose blankets, quilts, and pillows out of your baby's sleeping space, however, because soft bedding makes SIDS more likely.

Nursery accessories

Decorating your baby's room can be a lot of fun. Start small – add a colorful touch to the nursery with pretty wall stencils, a nice switch plate, or a colorful mobile. A soft, friendly stuffed animal can keep watch over your little one from a shelf or a dresser.

Third trimester

Now that you're in your third trimester, the excitement of buying baby gear may have worn off a little. You're getting tired of browsing and just want to know what you still need.
Our third-trimester shopping checklist will help you with what to buy now.

Belly support band

As your baby drops into position for a grand entrance, you may feel an equally grand pressure in your pelvis. You can alleviate some of it by slipping on a maternity support band. Glamorous it isn't, but it helps eliminate back, leg, and abdominal pain. Plus, you can wear it discreetly under most clothes.

Feeding supplies

Things you may need: bibs for spit-up; a nursing pillow to help you support your baby during feedings; nipple cream to soothe sore nipples; nursing bras and nursing pads; a breast pump, bottles, nipples.

Diaper supplies

Stock up now on diapers, either cloth or disposable – you'll be going through ten to 12 diapers a day during the first few weeks. You'll also need diaper wipes and diaper cream or petroleum jelly for preventing diaper rash, and a diaper bag to carry supplies when you're on the go.
For stashing dirty diapers, some parents like having a special diaper disposal system, while others use a regular garbage can.

Baby bathtub

A tub specially designed to hold your wriggling baby is a great way to get him clean after all those diaper changes.

 Buy a baby Bathtubs

The lowdown on baby bathtubs

Rub-a-dub-dub – ready for the tub? Maybe not. Bathing your baby in an adult-sized tub can be a slippery, nerve-wracking challenge without the right baby bathtub.
Luckily, you have lots of choices these days: hard plastic tubs, foldable tubs, tubs with sling inserts to hold infants in place, inflatable tubs, and even bubbling baby spas.
Many tubs are contoured for comfort. Some are lined with a soft sponge interior. And the best will make it much easier – and more fun – to bathe your squirming child.
Of course, some parents love to get right in the tub and bathe with their babies. That's fine, as long as you're careful that your baby doesn't bonk his head on a hard surface or slip out of your grasp.

Video

Bathing your newborn

You can also wash your baby in the sink, at least until he gets too big. There are even baby bathtubs made specifically for this purpose.
If you're not using the sink, consider putting your baby bathtub on the floor or a sturdy table to save your back from all that leaning over. Young babies don't need much water to in (just a few inches), and this way your child will be right at your level.
Wherever you bathe your baby, make sure you stay close and follow all the safe bathing guidelines. First and foremost, never leave your baby unattended in the tub, not even for a second. If the doorbell rings and you have to answer it, grab a towel, scoop your baby up, and take him with you.

What to look for when buying

Here are some points to consider when buying a baby bathtub:
Some "convertible" tubs are designed to grow from newborn to toddler days. They have a removable sling or hammock to keep your newborn higher in the water and closer to you. After a few months, you can remove this insert to create more room for your older child to sit up and splash.





If the tub doesn't have a sling or hammock for newborns, make sure it has a gentle incline to keep your younger baby lying supported in a slightly upright position.







When buying a hard plastic tub, look for a contoured, smooth shape that will be comfortable for your baby. Some tubs also have a mildew-resistant foam lining.






Some baby tubs come with a hook or suction cup so you can hang it out of reach (like on the wall of the shower area or bathroom) when not using it. This can also help you make sure the tub drains completely and doesn't get moldy.






Look for a tub with a plug at the base so you can easily drain the water out after bath time.







Foldable tubs are more convenient for storing and carrying, especially when traveling, but often aren't as solid and sturdy as non-foldable ones.






Some parents like to use a baby bath seat or ring once their child can sit up unassisted. However, some safety groups say these aren't safe, and they may not be any more helpful than a regular baby bathtub.






Consumer Reports recommends against inflatable baby bath tubs: The safety group says these can collapse.



Another option is to buy a baby bath pad or sponge. These go on the bottom of the adult tub and keep your baby cushioned and comfy during bathtime.
Some baby bathtubs are made specifically for the sink, and can make it easier to bathe your baby there.
Baby "spa tubs" and other upscale models feature bells and whistles such as water jets and handheld shower units. These extras aren't necessary by any means, but some parents enjoy them.
Before you buy a baby bathtub (or any baby product), read the online reviews to make sure it actually works as promised.

What it's going to cost you

Most baby bathtubs cost between $15 and $40, but fancier models with spa features can cost up to $90.

Baby carrier

A handy (or, more accurately, hands-free) way to tote your baby around is with a sling or front carrier, a soft, pouchlike seat that holds your newborn close to your chest. Many babies love the feeling of being snuggled up to a parent's warmth, and a baby carrier leaves your arms free for housework or errands with your little one protected and close to you.
The close contact encouraged by slings and front carriers may have a bonus: Some experts, including pediatrician William Sears, say it helps strengthen the parent-child bond. Just make sure that your baby's face isn't covered at any time when in a sling or carrier. If your baby has a cold or any breathing issues, or was born at a low birth weight, check with your doctor before using a sling – they can be unsafe for some newborns.

Stroller

A stroller is essential parenting gear. But with hundreds of styles to choose from, selecting the right wheels for your baby can be challenging.
In general, sturdy strollers with locking wheels and safety harnesses keep your baby safe while lightening your load. Consider what you'll use your stroller for, whether it's navigating busy urban streets, jogging, or gentle strolls around the block. Which features are most important to you, and how much are you willing to spend?

Car seat

In the United States, it's the law: A baby has to be buckled up tight while riding in the car. Guarantee your bundle of joy a safe – and legal – ride home by buying a car seat now, while you still have time to check out the different brands and decide which one's right for you (and best fits your car).

Nursing bras and tops

If you plan to breastfeed, invest in a couple of nursing bras or camisoles now and tuck them into your hospital bag. Look for bras with good support that aren't too tight (you'll appreciate that when your breasts are engorged). Practice opening and closing the soft cup that covers the nipple so you'll be a pro by the time your baby arrives.

Baby books

Start getting ready for your new arrival with a few primers on baby care and development. Check out Dr. Sears' The Baby Book, Jo Frost's Confident Baby Care, or our very own BabyCenter Baby: The All-Important First Year.

Baby extras

Though not technically essential, these items are must-haves according to many parents: an infant swing (the soothing back-and-forth motion can calm a cranky infant), and a bouncy seat to jiggle and soothe your baby. Also, a baby monitor is a great way to keep tabs on your baby in one room while you're in another.

Baby and mom gear for the first six weeks

What do you need in those first few weeks after you bring your baby home? We asked the experts, and then checked in with parents – and found that people have very different ideas of what's essential.
Still, your baby will require a few basics: a place to sleep; a safe seat in the car; diapers; and some key items for eating, getting around, and staying safe. We also asked moms to tell us which extras make the first six weeks with a baby more comfortable and fun.
Don't forget, family and friends can help you stock up on what you need and want if you create a baby registry.

Feeding

Nursing pillow: These nifty pillows help you comfortably support your baby during feedings.
Bibs (4): Bibs keep spit-up and drool off clothes – need we say more?
Burp cloths (6 to 12): You can take these essential items everywhere to protect your clothes from the inevitable baby spit-up and other liquid spills.

Video

Nipple cream: Breastfeeding can dry out the delicate skin of your nipples, and nipple creams ease dryness, heal cracked skin, and soothe soreness.
Breast pump: If you're exclusively breastfeeding, pumping means that another caregiver (like your partner or Grandma) can take some of the feedings.

The lowdown on breast pumps

Find solutions to a variety of breastfeeding challenges, including nipple pain, low milk supply, and more.

Whether you're getting ready to go back to work or you just want to get some rest or go out, using a breast pump means that your baby can benefit from your milk even when you're not available.
There are several different types of breast pumps to choose from. Selecting just the right one will help you keep your milk flowing and prevent plugged ducts or an infection. Whichever pump you pick, it's a good idea to have it ready to go well before you return to work or leave your baby with a sitter.
It's best to start pumping and introduce a bottle as soon as breastfeeding is established, when your baby's 3 or 4 weeks old. Many babies will refuse a bottle if it's introduced later on. To keep your baby willing to take the bottle, offer it with an ounce or two of breast milk inside at least every three or four days.

Types of breast pumps

There are many styles and models of breast pumps, but they fall into two main categories: Electric/battery-powered and manual (which you operate by hand). While some women use both – one for the bulk of their pumping, the other for short trips – most moms strongly prefer one or the other.
To figure out which one suits you best, here's a look at your options:
For moms having trouble breastfeeding: Hospital-grade electric breast pumps
If you're having trouble nursing during those first few weeks after you give birth, or your baby isn't able to nurse enough to build up your milk supply, your caregiver may recommend using this kind of pump. This pump will probably be what you'll use if your baby's a preemie or in the NICU, or if you're a mom with a medical condition that affects how much milk you produce.
A heavy-duty hospital-grade model with a double collection kit has a rapid suck-and-release cycle (referred to as the cycling time) that draws milk from your breasts at about the same rate as a nursing baby.
A double collection kit means you can pump both breasts at once, which can cut pumping time in half and drain both breasts more effectively.
For moms who need to pump more than once a day: Top-end electric personal-use pumps
Combining the efficiency of hospital-grade pumps and the convenience of more portable models, top-end electric pumps are a popular choice for moms who return to work full-time or are frequently away from their baby and can't nurse regularly.
These pumps are fully automatic, with quick cycling times, adjustable suction levels (to help you avoid nipple discomfort), and double-pumping capability. They're generally intended for women who have a well-established milk supply.
Some models are designed to mimic a baby's sucking patterns: They start with short, quick sucks to elicit the letdown response and then move into a slower, deeper sucking pattern. This feature can make pumping more comfortable, but it doesn't necessarily mean you'll produce more milk.
Generally weighing in at 5 pounds or less, these pumps come in attractive carrying cases and often include accessories like storage bags, labels, clips, bottles, and nipple ointment.
Most top-end pumps can run on a car's cigarette lighter with an adapter that's sold separately. Many come with a built-in battery pack – both handy options if you're pumping on the go or in a room lacking an electrical outlet.
For moms pumping once a day or less: Inexpensive manual and mid-range electric or battery-operated pumps
These pumps are best for short-term separations – for instance, a mom who wants to leave her baby with a sitter every now and then and doesn't want to supplement with formula.
These pumps are more portable (most weigh less than 2 pounds) and more affordable than the high-end models. On the downside, they generally take a little longer to use and require a little more effort than the top-end electric pumps.
Mid-range electric or battery-operated pumps generally allow you to pump only one breast at a time and take twice as long to pump. While there are some double electric pumps in this category, the motors may not last as long as those in the more expensive models. If the pump is battery-operated, the batteries may need to be replaced (unless you get a rechargeable unit).

Semiautomatic models tend toward long cycling times. (Some produce only about 12 sucks per minute, compared to 50 to 60 per minute for top-end and hospital-grade pumps.) The suction can often be too strong or too weak, although some have adjustable suction.
Inexpensive manual pumps require you to pump a piston or squeeze a lever to create the suction to empty your breast. These pumps empty only one breast at a time and may require two hands to operate, although a few are designed for one-handed use.
While most moms who need to pump regularly opt for a more efficient electric model, some women rave about manual pumps' simplicity and convenient size. Many also say that some manual pumps feel more natural and more closely mimic a baby's sucking and that they like being able to control the suction by hand.
Hand pumps are generally more affordable, smaller, lighter, and quieter than electric pumps. And if you like to pump on one side while your baby is nursing on the other, he'll probably prefer the quiet of a manual pump over the noise of an electric one.
While some moms get the knack of effective manual pumping, others find these pumps maddeningly slow. (It depends to some degree on how quickly you can squeeze the pump handle – and this can get tiring.)
Some moms have trouble getting any milk at all with hand pumps. Others say that hand pumps don't completely empty their breasts, which can lead to a lowered milk supply.
A note of caution: Stay away from the older models that look like bicycle horns. The rubber balls can harbor harmful bacteria.

Important safety notes

Though it may be tempting to share or borrow a friend's breast pump, or buy one used, the FDA and breastfeeding experts generally caution against it. Breast milk can carry bacteria and viruses – including hepatitis, HIV, and cytomegalovirus – that can contaminate these pumps and pass an infection to you and your baby.
Because droplets of milk can get into the internal parts of these pumps, using your own collection kit doesn't necessarily make them safe to use.
Pumps designed for multiple users, like rental pumps and hospital pumps, don't have this problem. They're designed to prevent breast milk from getting inside the pump. So as long as you use one with your own personal collection kit, they're safe.
Also, hand-me-down pumps may not be as effective because pump motors lose their strength and the seals deteriorate over time, two problems that may lead to a loss of suction.
To find out whether a pump is okay to use secondhand, check the packaging or call the manufacturer. If it's designated as a "single-user" pump, only one person should use it.
When using only one side of a double pump, be sure to seal the side you're not using. Not doing so is a common mistake and reduces the pump's suction, which can lead to a drop in milk production.
Choose the right size breast shields so when you pump, your nipple doesn't rub along the shield's chamber, which could hurt your breast.
If you're not going to pump again within a few hours, clean your pump parts with mild soap and warm water. Take the pump completely apart (that is, all the accessible parts) and wash it. A bottle brush works well. Some pumps come with a brush for cleaning.
If you see milk residue in the tubes, clean them according to the manufacturer's instructions. Most of the time, you can use warm water with a mild detergent to clean them. Just be sure to dry the tubes completely before putting them back on the pump.

Formula: If you can't or don't plan to breastfeed, there are numerous infant formula options to choose from – check out our formula primer and talk to your healthcare provider.

Bottles and nipples: Even if you breastfeed exclusively, you'll want to have bottles and newborn nipples at home if you plan to pump. If you plan to use formula exclusively, you'll go through roughly ten 4-ounce bottles a day.

Diapering

Changing table: A bureau or low dresser with a cushioned changing pad will work just fine. But a stand-alone changing table comes with nice extras like safety railings and lots of storage space.

Diapers: Much of your life in these early weeks involves changing diapers. About 80 percent of parents opt for disposables. Others choose a cloth diaper service, wash cloth diapers at home, or use biodegradable or flushable diapers.
Decide which kind of diapers you want to use and stock up ahead of time. Keep in mind you'll be going through ten to 12 diapers each day during the first few weeks.
Diaper wipes: For cleaning your baby's bottom during changings.
Diaper cream or petroleum jelly: A soothing balm protects your little one's tender skin against diaper rash.
A diaper disposal system: This is a handy, effective way to store used diapers until you're ready to take out the trash. Unlike a standard-issue garbage pail, a diaper disposal system hides diaper odor.
Diaper bag: Whether you're going to the neighbor's house or to the grocery store, you'll need to tote along everything necessary for changing diapers away from home. Pick a bag you really like the looks of, because it'll be part of your outfit for months to come. But it has to be practical, with a portable changing pad, a waterproof lining, and places to stash your keys, wallet, and phone.

Sleeping

Crib: Your newborn can sleep in a bassinet. But unless you plan to have your baby share your bed, you'll eventually need a crib.
Mattress: Shop for a firm innerspring or foam crib mattress.
Bedding and padding: Buy at least two sets of crib sheets to cut down on laundry panic. Save quilts and blankets for out-of-the-crib cuddling, though, as soft bedding poses a potential SIDS risk. The same goes for crib bumpers —they pose a SIDS risk, and experts recommend not using them.

keep your baby cozy and warm without blankets

It's safer not to use any sort of loose or thick bedding in your baby's crib, at least for the first year. That because too much bedding, or the wrong kind of bedding, can cause accidental suffocation and overheating, which are believed to be a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS.

A skullcap and pajamas with feet are good choices. In general, layered clothing for sleep is practical, in case you need to remove or add a layer. "Wearable blankets" or sleep sacks that won't get tangled can also help keep your baby cozy.

Contrary to what you might think, babies don't need more bundling up than adults. As a general guide, your baby will be comfortable using about the same amount of clothing and coverings that you would be comfortable using at the same room temperature. An ideal room temperature for your baby is around 70 to 72 degrees F.

You can use a space heater in a chilly room, but make sure it's fireproof. And remember that once your baby starts to be more mobile — once she starts crawling, for example — a space heater can pose a burn risk. To warm cold sheets, place a hot water bottle or a heating pad in the bed for a while before bedtime. (The microwaveable type is useful because it doesn't have to be plugged in.) Just be sure to remove it before putting your baby down!

Here are some simple ways to tell whether your baby is warm enough: If her skin is blotchy and her arms and legs are cool and her cheek feels cool to the touch, add a layer or cover her head (with a hat) and feet. On the other hand, if your baby is damp or sweating, it's a sign that she's over-bundled and moisture is accumulating on her skin. Too much moisture can lead to prickly heat, even in the winter, so take a layer off or change your baby's clothes so more air can flow over her skin.

 

Bathtime

Baby bathtub: A tub specially designed to hold a wriggling baby will keep yours safe and give your back a break as well. See our bathtub buying guide for suggestions on what to look for.
Hooded terrycloth towels: Experienced moms say wrapping up your baby in one of these soft hooded towels is a great way to keep him warm and dry after a bath.
Gentle baby wash or shampoo: Just use a little, and make sure it's mild.

Health

First-aid kit: See what to keep in your first-aid kit.
Bulb syringe: Use with saline drops to clear your baby's stuffy nose.
Baby nail scissors or clippers: These help you trim your baby's nails safely.
A soft-bristled baby brush: This is especially helpful for handling cradle cap.

Getting around

Front pack or sling: A newborn loves being held close; the warmth of your body and the thump of your heart will soothe him like nothing else. A pack or sling also leaves your hands free to do other things.
Stroller: For a newborn, you'll want a stroller that reclines to almost flat, or allows you to snap on your infant car seat. Babies shouldn't be propped upright for long until they're about 3 months old or until they've developed stronger neck muscles. If you're shopping for a new stroller, check out our stroller buying guide for help.
Car seat: U.S. law requires that your child sit in a car seat while riding in any car – even on the way home from the hospital. For a newborn, you have two choices: a rear-facing infant seat designed to be used until your baby weighs around 20 pounds, or a convertible seat, which can face rear or front, designed to be used by both babies and older children.

Soothers and entertainment

Swaddling blankets (2): Use these to swaddle and comfort your baby.
Pacifiers: A baby who seems to want to nurse or consume another bottle right after a feeding may need something else to suck on, and a pacifier may do the trick. Pacifiers can also soothe a fussy baby when you're on the go or need some quiet time to rest.
Infant swing: Some parents find a battery-powered infant swing to be a godsend. The swing's soothing back-and-forth motion can calm a cranky infant and buy you time to do something else with your hands.
Bouncy seat: Strap your baby into a bouncy seat, propped at a 45-degree angle, and he can see the world. It's designed to jiggle and soothe your baby.
White-noise machine: The sound of waves crashing or rain falling can soothe a crying baby and lull him into dreamland. These electronic wonders also work on adults desperate for some shuteye.
Mobile: Hang one of these over your baby's bed and you'll produce long hours of entertainment for him. A newborn can see high-contrast black-and-white images, and watching them drift overhead will fascinate and soothe him. Some mobiles come with interchangeable primary-colored panels for an older baby.
Nightlight: One of these inexpensive lights will allow you to get through nighttime feedings and diaper changes without having to switch on a light and completely awaken your sleepy baby (and yourself).

Just for mom

Nursing bras (2 to 4): For comfort, buy 100 percent cotton without underwire. Some nursing bras unhook from the strap and others unsnap between the cups. You may want to try a couple of styles to see which you like best.
Nursing pads (disposable or washable): Inserting one of these in each bra cup can keep your shirts dry between feedings. Like diapers, pads come in both cloth and disposable styles. In disposables, look for pads with a self-stick strip. Cloth pads are usually made of flannel and need frequent washing.
Maxi-pads and panty liners: You'll want a couple of boxes of ultra-absorbent maxi-pads. When the lochia discharge slows, usually within two or three weeks, you'll also want a couple of boxes of panty liners.
Hemorrhoid wipes and cream: Even if you didn't get hemorrhoids during pregnancy, you may discover you have them as an aftereffect of the pushing during labor.
Ice packs: If you experienced tearing during delivery, cooling ice packs will help your recovery by reducing swelling and numbing soreness.

Baby Costs Calculator

Calculate the cost of your baby's first year, including gear, diapers, childcare, and more.

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