孕婦缺碘會影響胎兒腦部發展，但不少準媽媽忽略了「補碘」。澳洲一項研究跟進200名孕婦及其新生嬰兒的健康狀況，發現在懷孕期間，幾乎沒有人的碘水平是 長時間達標，大部份人也出現輕微缺碘情況，增加誕下低智商嬰兒的風險。研究在嬰兒出生半年內進行測試，發現也只有約一半人碘質水平僅合格。
醫學界建議成人每日攝取約100微克碘，人體不能自然生產碘，需透過食物補充。為了增加碘攝取量，澳洲於09年起在麵包添加碘，但今次研究顯示當地人的碘質普遍仍不達標，故建議少吃含碘量高食物的孕婦，或需考慮服用碘質補充劑。
The thyroid gland synthesizes thyroid hormones and iodine is an essential trace mineral that is crucial for the thyroid to function properly.甲狀腺亢奮症 An adequate amount of iodine in your diet ensures the thyroid is able to manage metabolism, detoxification, growth and development.
Research has shown that a lack of dietary iodine may lead to enlargement of the thyroid gland, lethargy, fatigue, weakness of the immune system, slow metabolism, autism, weight gain and possibly even mental states such as anxiety and depression.
The good news is that there are many popular foods with iodine, all of which are easy to incorporate into your daily diet.
The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for iodine is 150 micrograms daily for everybody over the age of 14. The RDA for children ages 1-8 is 90/mcg every day, ages 9-13 is 120/mcg every day. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, it is recommended that you get 290/mcg every day.
1. Sea Vegetables
The ocean hosts the largest storehouse of iodine foods, including Kelp, Arame, Hiziki, Kombu, and Wakame. Kelp has the highest amount of iodine of any food on the planet and just one serving offers 4 times the daily minimum requirement. 1 tablespoon of Kelp contains about 2000/mcg of iodine, 1 tablespoon of Arame contains about 730/mcg of iodine, 1 tablespoon of Hiziki contains about 780/mcg of iodine, 1 one inch piece of Kombu contains about 1450/mcg of iodine, 1 tablespoon of Wakame contains about 80/mcg of iodine. I recommend sprinkling these into soups or salads.2. Cranberries
This antioxidant rich fruit is another great source of iodine. About 4 ounces of cranberries contain approximately 400/mcg of iodine. I recommend buying fresh organic berries or juice. If you buy cranberry juice from the store, be aware of how much sugar it contains.3. Organic Yogurt
4. Organic Navy Beans
Many beans are a great food source of iodine and navy beans may top the list. Just 1/2 cup of these beans contain about 32/mcg of iodine. Beans aren’t just an iodine food, they are also incredibly high in fiber.5. Organic Strawberries
This tasty red fruit packs up to 10% of your daily iodine needs in just a single serving. One cup of fresh strawberries has approximately 13/mcg of iodine. Try buying fresh, organic strawberries from your local farmer’s market, they do not disappoint!6. Himalayan Crystal Salt
This form of salt, also known as gray salt, is an excellent source of naturally-occurring iodine. While many types of table salt are iodine-enriched, they are also stripped of all their natural health properties and are chemically processed. Just one gram of himalayan salt contains approximately 500/mcg of iodine.7. Potatoes
The common potato is an easy addition to most meals and is one of the richest sources of iodine in the vegetable kingdom. Leave the skin on and one medium-sized baked potato holds 60/mcg of iodine.Iodine Supplements
If you’re not a fan of the iodine foods listed above, then you can always take an iodine supplement. There are many different types of iodine supplements on the market, so knowing the differences between each is vital.-Dr. Edward F. Group III, DC, ND, DACBN, DABFM
含碘食物
碘在人體內的生理作用是通過合成的甲狀腺激素實現的，甲狀腺激素是機體最重要的激素之一，那麼碘的生理作用是什麼？1、維持機體能量代謝（進行物質分解以提供生命活動所需的能量）和產熱（保持體溫）。碘缺乏引起的甲狀腺激素合成減少，會導致基本生命活動受損和體能下降，這個作用是終身的。
2、促進體格發育。甲狀腺激素調控生長髮育期兒童的骨發育、性發育、肌肉發育及身高體重。甲狀腺激素的缺乏會導致體格發育落後、性發育落後、身體矮小、肌肉無力等發育落後的症狀和體徵。
3、 腦發育。在胎兒或嬰幼兒腦發育的一定時期內必須依賴甲狀腺激素，它的缺乏會導致不同程度的腦發育落後，生後會有不同程度的智力障礙。這種障礙基本上是不可 逆的，過了臨界期再補充碘也無濟於事了，但補碘還可以保證體格發育正常，糾正甲狀腺功能低下，恢復體能，間接改善智力活動。 哪些食物富含碘？
一 般含碘量高的食物多是海產品，如海帶、紫菜、鮮帶魚、蚶幹、乾貝、淡菜、海參、海蜇、龍蝦等；海帶含碘量最高，新鮮海帶中達到2000微克/公斤以上；其 次為海魚及海貝類（800微克/公斤左右）。陸地食品，則以蛋、奶含碘量最高（4～90微克/公斤），其次為肉類，淡水魚的含碘量接近或略低於肉類，植物 的含碘量是最低的。
另外，鹽中含碘量極微，越是精製鹽含碘越少，海鹽中的含碘量約20微克/千克，若每人每日攝入10克鹽，則只能獲得2微克的碘，遠不能滿足預防碘缺乏病的需要。
富含碘的食物TOP10（每100克食物碘含量）
海帶：1毫克
紫菜（幹）：1800微克
菠菜：164微克
芹菜：160微克
海魚：80微克
海鹽：2微克
山藥：14微克
碘化食鹽：7600微克
大白菜：9.8微克
雞蛋：9.7微克
海苔、海帶、龍蝦、貝類、海顏
綠色蔬菜、蛋類、乳類、榖類
海產類食物的碘含量都很豐富，又以海帶、海藻等食物為最。
若太常吃生的高麗菜，很容易會引起碘的不足，
因為高麗菜會阻止體內對於碘的吸收，也會影響甲狀腺荷爾蒙的分泌。
因此不常攝取碘的人，最好不要吃太多的生高麗菜。
碘建議攝取量：
孕婦也應該增加碘的攝取量，若懷孕時缺乏碘，會使胎兒骨骼停止生長、
肌肉鬆弱、甚至對中樞神經造成傷害，而生出呆小症的寶寶。
通常沿海地區食物中的含碘量會高過山區，因此山區的居民是碘的特殊需求者
健康提示：碘也不是攝入越多越好，過多的碘可引起甲狀腺功能改變，或者加重甲狀腺的負擔，使其變硬。碘的最高攝入量在兒童為800微克，成人為1000微克/天。碘的推薦攝入量，從14歲到成人為150微克/天，孕婦和乳母應再加50微克/天。
QR code this page
免責聲明. 本網站所載資料只供一般參考之用。我們會竭力提供一個方便、實用而且資料豐富的網站，並確保一般的資料準確無誤。但並不對該等資料的準確性作出任何明示或隱含的保證。
沒有留言:
張貼留言